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Although it is widely believed that abnormal energy metabolism exists in cancer cells and affects the biological behavior of cancers, the exact mechanism of energy metabolic reprogramming and specific mechanism of its effect on proliferation, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells have not been clarified. In recent years, studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can affect energy metabolism, development and progression of cancer cells through binding to specific nucleic acids and proteins at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional stages, and specifically through transcriptional interference, epigenetic regulation of genes, changes in protein activity, competitive binding to microRNA (miRNA) and other related mechanisms. The further study on the mechanism of lncRNA regulating energy metabolism reprogramming of cancer cells is expected to find new markers and targets for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. This paper reviews the current research progress of the mechanism of lncRNA regulating metabolic reprogramming of glucose, fatty acid, protein and nucleotide in cancer, and provides a new idea of lncRNA's regulation of energy metabolism pathways for targeted anticancer therapy.
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Objective To analyze the influence of individualized health education on self nursing ability of patients with colon stoma.Methods 120 patients with colon stoma were divided into the observation group and the control group,60 cases in each group.The patients of the control group were given conventional basic knowledge education,and the patients of the observation group were given personalized custom health education.Self score,health responsibility score,HAMD score,Barthel index,postoperative complications of the two groups of patients were compared.Results The observation group with self realization (32.16 ±7.25)points,health responsibility (28.62 ± 7.99)points,Barthel index (47.56 ±30.11 )points,HAMD score (3.15 ±1.44)points,stoma necrosis rate (1.67%)mucosal prolapse rate (0.00%),stoma retraction rate (3.33%)and stoma hernia rate (1.67%)were significantly better than the control group with self realization (27.98 ±9.53)points,health responsibility (24.87 ± 8.03)points,Barthel index (33.37 ±24.49)points,HAMD score (5.99 ±3.66)points,stoma necrosis rate (13.33%)mucosal prolapse rate (11.67%),stoma retraction rate (23.33%)and stoma hernia rate (15.00%), with statistically significant difference (t =2.71,2.56,2.83,7.56,χ2 =4.32,5.46,8.72,5.35,all P <0.05). Conclusion To implement personalized health education on health behavior of the patients with colon stoma has a positive role,to promote the stability of the patient's condition,strengthen the patient's awareness of disease,improve patient self -care ability,reduce the occurrence of complications.
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BACKGROUND: Reference procedures are required for evaluating the accuracy of routine analytical systems for uric acid (UA). External quality assessment (EQA) for UA has only been conducted with quality controls in China, and the results have not been published. This study was designed to investigate both the trueness and inter-laboratory precision of UA measurements among routine analytical systems using a candidate reference method. METHODS: We performed the HPLC method recommended by the Japan Society of Clinical Chemistry (JSCC). Next, we evaluated its analytical performance and validated its trueness. The performance of 4 routine analytical systems (5 instruments per system, n=20) for UA was assessed by using 4 frozen pooled serum samples measured by the HPLC method according to biologically relevant quality goals. RESULTS: Within-run, between-run, inter-day, and total CV of the method were less than 0.3%, 0.4%, 1.8%, and 2.6%, respectively. The UA measurements were consistent with the target values of standard reference material (SRM) 909b, the sixth ring trial for Reference Laboratories (RELA-2008) specimen, and national primary reference materials. The 4 frozen pooled serum samples were homogeneous, stable, and commutable. All routine systems achieved the desirable performance goal (total error <11.9%). CONCLUSIONS: We successfully reproduced the JSCC's HPLC method, which was simple, specific, precise, and accurate. We recommend this method as a reference method for UA measurement in human serum. Four routine analytical systems for UA measurement had acceptable traceability, and their UA results showed good concordance.
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Humans , Calibration , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/standards , Freezing , Japan , Laboratories/standards , Reference Standards , Societies, Medical , Uric Acid/bloodABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the influence of Saccharomyces boulardii on serum apolipoprotein levels in liver cirrhosis patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).Methods 74 liver cirrhosis patients with SBP were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group.Patients in the two groups were given routine medical treatment such as liver protection and diuretic effect,correction of hypoproteinemia,anti-infection etc.Patients in the observation group were orally given Saccharomyces boulardii 0.5g for one time,two times daily for 4 weeks.The changes of serum apolipoprotein A1 and B levels in two groups were observed and compared,and the curative effect and safety were also observed.Results After treatment for 4 weeks,the serum apolipoprotein A1 and B levelsintwogroupswereobviouslyincreasedcomparedwithbeforetreatment (t =2.46,2.3 7,3.04,2.87,P ＜ 0.05or P ＜0.01),and the increase of observation group was much higher than that of control group(t =2.29,2.23,all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,the total effective rate of the observation group (91.89％) was significantly higher than that of control group (72.97 ％) (x2 =4.57,P ＜ 0.05).3 cases and 5 cases of adverse reactions appeared in control group and observation group,the symptom was light and no serious drug adverse reaction(DAR) observed.The incidence rate of DAR between the two groups had no obviously statistical difference (x2 =0.14,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Saccharomyces boulardii has reliable curative effect and high security in the treatment of liver cirrhosis patients with SBP,the mechanism may be related with increasing the synthesis of apolipoprotein A1 and B in the liver and intestine,and increasing serum levels of apolipoprotein A1 and B.
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Objective Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at risk to develop Type 2 diabetes mellitus ( DM2).The aim of this study is to compare the effect of three diagnostic criteria on the prevalence of GDM.Methods 2864 pregnant women receiving obstetric care at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation at Peking University First Hospital,underwent the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test for routine GDM screening.The pregnancies were evaluated bythe American Diabetes Association (ADA 2004) Cuideline,the new criteria which was proposed by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG 2010) based on the HAPO study,not by the criteria of American College of Obstetricians and Chinese Obstetrics and Gynecology (6th edition 2005).Venous plasma glucose was measured by the IDMS-traceable glucose oxidase method.Results The mean age of the women was 30 years.590 women were diagnosed with GDM using the IADPSG criteria.According to the IADPSG standard,GDM diagnostic rate reached 20.6％.The diagnostic rate of new criteria was increased by 307％ and 199％ compared with the Chinese Obstetrics and Gynaecology (6th edition) and the old ADA standard,respectively.If increasing the number of abnormal glucose values in the IADPS standard to 2 or more,the number of positive cases dropped to 227 people.The diagnostic rate of GDM plummeted to 7.93％,similar with that of the old ADA diagnostic criteria (6.8％).Conclusions The diagnosis rate of GDM was significantly higher using the IADPSG criteria,due to more stringent glucose abnormality recommended by the IADPSG.
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Objective To investigate the relationship of iPTH levels, calcium and phosphorus metabolism with cardiovascular event status in the chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. Methods This article retrospectivly studied the clinical and laboratory data of 87 CRF patients. 66 patients of A group didnt occur cardiovascular events,and 21 cases of B group occurred cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. This article analyzed iPTH levels,serum calcium, phosphorus, calcium and phosphorus product and therelationship between cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events between the two groups. Results Decreased iPTH,increased serum C reactive protein and increased lipoprotein(a) had relationship with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with chronic renal failure,but calcium,phosphorus,calcium and phosphorus product has nothing to do with the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events increased significantly in dialysis patients than in non - dialysis patients. Conclusiou Chronic renal failure patients on dialysis levels of serum iPTH, CRP level, LP(a) level and dialysis could lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
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Objective To explore the effect of mental intervention on mental status and survival quality of patients with cervical cancer. Methods 100 patients with cervical cancer were allocated into the observation group and the control group randomly with 50 patients in each group. Routine care was car-ried out in the control group, besides this, mental intervention was given to the intervention group. The ef-fect of mental intervention on mental status and survival quality of patients were observed and went through t test and χ2 test. Results After intervention, anxiety,depression and pain degree of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, body functions, role functions,mood functions,social functions,the-total life quality were significantly higher than those of the control group. Conclusions Mental interven-tion can improve mental status of patients with cervical cancer, and promote their life quality.
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The damage degree of neurons in perilesion at different time points was observed in order to explore the optimal operation occasion. Piglet lobar hematomas were produced by pressure-controlled infusions of 2.5 mL autonomous blood into the right frontal hemispheric white matter over 15 min, and the metabolic changes were ambulatorily detected with MRS at 3rd, 12th, 24th and 48th h after hematoma induction. Brain tissues of perihematoma were also obtained at different time points. The transcription level of Bax gene was detected by in situ hybridization and apoptosis by TUNEL technique, and the pathologic change of neurons was observed under an electron microscope. The results showed that the number of Bax positive cells reached the peak at 24 h (79.00 +/- 4.243/5 fields). There was no significant difference in A values between 3 h and 6 h, 12 h (P > 0.05), but there significant difference between 24 h and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h (P 0.05). Lac peak mainly occurred at 24 h and 48 h, while on the healthy side, no Lac peak was detectable. The ratio of NAA/Cr presented a descent tendency, but there was no significant difference among the groups before 12 h (P > 0.05), there was very significant difference between 3, 6 and 24, 48 h (P < 0.01). Under electronic microscopy, the neuronal damage surrounding hematoma in 3 to 6 h was milder than in 24 h to 48 h. It was concluded that the secondary apoptosis, damage and metabolic disturbance of the neurons surrounding hematoma was milder in 3-6 h in acute intracerebral hemorrhage, while obviously aggravated in 24-48 h. An effective intervention is needed to reduce secondary damage as soon as possible.
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Brain/pathology , Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology , Hematoma/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neurons/pathology , Random Allocation , Swine , Swine, Miniature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The damage degree of neurons in perilesion at different time points was observed in order to explore the optimal operation occasion. Piglet lobar hematomas were produced by pressure-controlled infusions of 2.5 mL autonomous blood into the right frontal hemispheric white matter over 15 min, and the metabolic changes were ambulatorily detected with MRS at 3rd, 12th, 24th and 48th h after hematoma induction. Brain tissues of perihematoma were also obtained at different time points. The transcription level of Bax gene was detected by in situ hybridization and apoptosis by TUNEL technique, and the pathologic change of neurons was observed under an electron microscope. The results showed that the number of Bax positive cells reached the peak at 24 h (79.00±4. 243/5 fields). There was no significant difference in A values between 3 h and 6 h, 12 h (P＞0.05), but there significant difference between 24 h and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h (P＜0.05). The number of apoptotic cells reached the peak at 24 h (P＜0. 001), and there was no significant difference betw een 3 h and 6 h (P=0. 999). The area of the apoptotic cells showed no significant difference between 3 h and 6 h or among 3 h, 6 h and 6 h (P＞0.05). Lac peak mainly occurred at 24 h and 48 h, while on the healthy side, no Lac peak was detectable. The ratio of NAA/Cr presented a descent tendency, but there was no significant difference among the groups before 12 h (P＞0.05), there was very significant difference between 3, 6 and 24, 48 h (P＜0.01). Under electronic microscopy, the neuronal damage surrounding hematoma in 3 to 6 h was milder than in 24 h to 48 h. It was concluded that the secondary apoptosis, damage and metabolic disturbance of the neurons surround ing hematoma was milder in 3-6 h in acute intracerebral hemorrhage, while obviously aggravated in 24-48 h. An effective intervention is needed to reduce secondary damage as soon as possible.
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Objective To investigate the value of transcranial Doppler(TCD)in the prediction of the outcome and determination of brain death in patient with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods The waveforms and the cerebral blood flow velocities of the bilateral middle cerebral arteries(MCA)were monitored and analyzed using EME TCD in 68 comatose patients with Glasgow scores ≤7. Results The results showed that persistence of retrograde diastolic flow or small systolic forward flow in bilateral MCA lasted for more than 1 hours were observed in 28 cases of comatose patients, which was a reliable indicator for predicting or confirming brain death. Asymmetrical TCD waveforms were characteristically associated with the localized brain damage. Conclusion TCD monitoring is a useful technique for predicting outcome and guiding treatment of patient with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.
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The accuracy and diagnostic values of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in transient ischemic attack (TIA) caused by the stenosis or occlusion of intracranial or extracranial blood vessels were investigated. Of the 50 TIA patients receiving routine TCD examinations, 39 cases (77 %) were diagnosed as having unilateral or bilateral stenosis or occlusion of MCA, ACA, siphon segment of internal carotid artery, which was furthermore confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or MRA, 11 (22 %) cases were normal. An analysis on the TCD findings of the flow patterns and hemodynamic changes of the stenotic or occluded blood vessels was made in comparison with that obtained by angiography. It was showed that angiography demonstrated 17 unilateral MCA stenosis, 47 bilateral multi-stenosis, 1 occlusion of the siphon segment of the internal carotid artery, while TCD revealed 17 unilateral stenosis, 64 bilateral stenosis, 1 occlusion respectively, with an accordance rate of 78.7 %. It was concluded that the hemodynamic changes secondary to the stenosis of the basalcranial arteries, especially the moderate to severe stenosis or occlusion, might be an important risk factor for TIA. TCD examination achieved significant clinic values in the diagnosing of TIA.
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The accuracy and diagnostic values of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in transient ischemic attack (TIA) caused by the stenosis or occlusion of intracranial or extracranial blood vessels were investigated. Of the 50 TIA patients receiving routine TCD examinations, 39 cases (77 %) were diagnosed as having unilateral or bilateral stenosis or occlusion of MCA, ACA, siphon segment of internal carotid artery, which was furthermore confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or MRA, 11 (22 %) cases were normal. An analysis on the TCD findings of the flow patterns and hemodynamic changes of the stenotic or occluded blood vessels was made in comparison with that obtained by angiography. It was showed that angiography demonstrated 17 unilateral MCA stenosis, 47 bilateral multi-stenosis, 1 occlusion of the siphon segment of the internal carotid artery, while TCD revealed 17 unilateral stenosis, 64 bilateral stenosis, 1 occlusion respectively, with an accordance rate of 78.7 %. It was concluded that the hemodynamic changes secondary to the stenosis of the basalcranial arteries, especially the moderate to severe stenosis or occlusion, might be an important risk factor for TIA. TCD examination achieved significant clinic values in the diagnosing of TIA.
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Objective To evaluate the value of the ultrasound and the helical CT in the diagnosis of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH).Methods Fifteen patients with 16 lesions were examined by B-mode ultrasound ,color Doppler ultrasound and helical CT. All of them were proved to be FNH by pathology.Results In these patients, the hypoechoic pattern with homogeneous solid lesions was mostly displayed on B-mode ultrasound, and the central stellate scar was only found in 1 lesion. A color blood flow with arterial spectrum was detected within central area of FNH in 13 lesions, and spokewheel color flow was depicted in 3 lesions. These color flow patterns were specific for FNH. All lesions were hypervascular and homogeneous on arterial phase scans of CT. The central scars were detected in 7 lesions, and a dilated feeding artery was seen in 8 lesions on the arterial phase scans. The isodense changes were displayed in 11 lesions on the portal phase or delayed phase.Conclusions The conventional ultrasound combined with color Doppler ultrasound and CT combined with dynamic scan can raise the accuracy for the diagnosis of FNH.
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Objective To investigate the perihematomal changes of hyperacute parenchymal hematomas and the clinical value by MRI. Methods Multi-sequence MRI was performed on 4 hematomas in vitro and on 15 pigs with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) for about 30～60 min and 3 h respectively. The integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in ICH pigs was assessed by electron microscopy and Evan's blue dye technique. MR scanning was performed on 2 ICH patients proved by CT for 4 and 9 h after onsets. Results FLAIR and T 2-weighted images showed hyperintensity signal around the hematomas in vitro and in pigs with ICH within 1 h, and more obviously at 3 h. When the gelose cavity was cut, plasma was seen around the clot. The perihematomal ADC values of the pigs increased both within 1 and at 3 h after ICH. However, the BBB was intact at 3 h, which was proved by electron microscopy and Evan's blue dye technique. Water-like intensity signal was observed around the hematomas in two patients with acute ICH. Conclusion The perihematomal changes of hyperacute ICH observed on MRI are resulted from the blood clot contraction and the serum formation and extravasation, but not real cerebral edema.